The present research work was undertaken for the biological treatment of starch industry wastewater for pollution control. Starch industry effluent generates a large volume of wastewater with strong acidity and enormous carbon and nitrogen pollutants. In the present study, the development of low pH methanogens and anammox microorganisms were given special attention. Low pH methanogenic reactor and anammox reactor were fabricated for the biological treatment of corn starch industry effluent. In the first part of the work, low pH tolerant methanogens were isolated from peat bog of leaf debris.
It showed the presence of Gram-negative, non-spore forming, and cocci with creamish black colour colonies. The leaf debris inoculum was taken for optimum COD removal under anaerobic conditions.
Identification and isolation of anammox group of bacteria were performed using enrichment and 16S rRNA amplicon analysis. The objective of the study was to remove ammonia under the anaerobic condition from starch industry effluent. The media optimization using carbon and nitrogen source was undertaken which is required for anammox enrichment. The physical growth factors like temperature and pH were optimized. The optimized temperature and pH were 39 0C and 7.2 respectively. Some restrictive growth factors like salinity and antibiotic concentration were also studied which were found insignificant in our study.
Finally, the overall process was scaled up in the laboratory reactor. The reactor study revealed that in the anaerobic reactor 1.16 kg COD/kg VSS/d was removed producing 42-46% methane as output gas. The anammox reactor was able to reduce 82% nitrogen load from starch industry effluent at the rate of 1.5 kg/m3/d after 568 days of initiation.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- INTRODUCTION
- Water- the basis of civilization
- Water pollution control- the needs and necessities
- Physical water treatment methods
- Chemical water treatment methods
- Biological water treatment methods
- Regulation of water pollution
- Wastewater- a good resource for energy recovery
- Corn starch industry wastewater pollution
- The current scenario in the treatment of corn starch wastewater
- Problem statement and justification
- The objective of this research
- LITERATURE REVIEW
- Corn starch production and market statistics
- Wastewater generation and characterization
- Understanding the biologics of starch effluent
- Overview of the anaerobic digestion process
- Microbiology of anaerobic digestion process
- Critical influential factors for anaerobic digestion process
- Temperature
- pH
- Substrate characteristic
- Loading rate
- Review on anaerobic treatment technologies
- Overview of the nitrogen removal process
- The general concept of the nitrogen cycle
- Nitrification
- Denitrification
- Anaerobic ammonium oxidation
- Analysis of limitations of present technologies in nitrogenous waste treatment
- Scope of new technologies for the effective treatment of starch industry effluent
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
The thesis aims to investigate the biological treatment of wastewater from the starch industry for pollution control. It focuses on developing low pH tolerant methanogens and anammox microorganisms for efficient treatment. The study also aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these microorganisms in removing pollutants and recovering energy from corn starch industry effluent.
- Anaerobic treatment of starch industry wastewater at low pH using enriched methanogens.
- Isolation and enrichment of anammox bacteria from various natural sources.
- Optimization of key parameters for efficient nitrogen removal by anammox bacteria.
- Evaluation of the impact of salinity and antibiotics on anammox activity.
- Development and optimization of a novel laboratory-scale wastewater treatment system incorporating both anaerobic and anammox processes.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
- INTRODUCTION: This chapter introduces the global water crisis and the need for effective wastewater treatment. It specifically focuses on the challenges posed by starch industry wastewater, including its high organic load and acidity. The chapter then outlines the objectives of the research and justifies the importance of exploring novel biological treatment strategies.
- LITERATURE REVIEW: This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of corn starch production, its associated wastewater generation, and its characteristics. It then delves into the microbiology of anaerobic digestion and the role of methanogens. The chapter also discusses conventional nitrogen removal methods, highlighting their limitations, and introduces the emerging anammox process. It concludes by highlighting the potential of new technologies for treating starch industry effluent.
- MATERIALS AND METHODS: This chapter outlines the materials used and the experimental procedures employed throughout the research. It includes details about sample collection, inoculum preparation, reactor design, and analytical methods for various parameters, such as COD, BOD, ammonia, nitrite, and methane.
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: This chapter presents the findings of the research. It discusses the screening and enrichment of low pH tolerant methanogens and anammox bacteria from different sources. It further analyzes the impact of physicochemical parameters on the activity of these microorganisms and presents the optimized conditions for efficient pollutant removal. The chapter also explores the effectiveness of the developed laboratory-scale wastewater treatment system.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
This thesis focuses on the biological treatment of starch industry wastewater using low pH tolerant methanogens and anammox bacteria. Key themes include anaerobic digestion, methane production, nitrogen removal, anammox process, optimization, reactor design, and pollution control. This research explores novel and efficient strategies for sustainable wastewater treatment, contributing to resource recovery and environmental protection.
- Citation du texte
- Shubhaneel Neogi (Auteur), 2020, Studies on the Biological Treatment of Wastewater from Starch Industry for Pollution Control, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/539848
