How Can Traditional Ethopian Medicine Help Against Diarrhea? Antidiarrheal and Antispasmodic Avtivities of Stephania Abyssinica (Minispermaseae)

Tesis de Máster , 2010 , 58 Páginas , Calificación: Very Good

Medicina - Farmacología, Farmacia

Diarrhea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The aim of this work was therefore to evaluate the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities ofthe aqueous and methanol extract of the root and leaf of S. abyssinica.

Antidiarrheal activities were studied in mice using castor oil-induced diarrhea at doses of 25, 50,100, and 200 mg/kg body weight. The extracts significantly prolonged the time of diarrheal induction, increased diarrhea free time, reduced the frequency of diarrhea episodes, decreased the weight of stool, and decreased general diarrheal score in a dose dependent way. With dose of 200 mg/kg the extracts produced higher in-vivo antidiarrheal index (ADI) than the the standard loperamide. In Entropooling test in mice the extract significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited intestinal fluid accumulations of mice in a dose dependent fashion. The antispasmodic activity studies were performed as in vitro and in vivo models. The in-vitro antispasmodic activity studies were performed on isolated GPI. The methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaf showed significant and concentration dependent inhibition of acetylcholine induced contraction of isolated GPI. The extracts depressed Emax of Ach, and decreased PD2 value of the Ach. The Emax of Ach at conc of 10-3M is decreased (from100 for the control group) by SALM with concentration of 200 and 100 ug/ml to 45.6±2.13 and 73.2±3.04 respectively,whereas by SALA with 200 and 100 ug/ml to 62.0±2.98 and 74.8±2.46 respectively. In the in vivo antispasmodic activity test, the extract significantly decreased the peristaltic index (PI). In normal transit test, the extracts produced 100% suppression of normal peristalsis. However in castor oil induced transit with dose of 200 mg/kg the peristaltic index (PI) of SALM, SALA, SARM and SARA was 26.67, 36.85, 22.00 and 40.65 respectively.

The result of this study indicated that the plant extract possesses antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities and proves the fact that this plant is used in traditional medicine for treatment of diarrhea, stomachache and abdominal cramp.

Table of Contents

pages

Acknowledgement

List of Abbreviations

List of Tables

List of Figures

Abstract

1. Introduction
1.1 Overview of diarrhea
1.2 Normal Physiology
1.2.1 Absorption, Secretion and GI motility
1.2.2 Regulation of absorption, secretion and GI motility
1.3 Pathophysiology of diarrhea
1.3.1 General aspect
1.3.2 Pathophysiology of chronic diarrhea
1.4 Principles of diarrhea management
1.5 Antimotility, antisecretory and antispasmodic agents
1.6 Herbal remedies for GI motility disorders and use of S. abyssinica

2 Objectives of the study
2.1 General objective
2.2 Specific objectives

3. Materials and Methods
3.1 Drugs and chemicals
3.2 Plant material
3.3 Extraction of Plant material
3.4 Animal preparation and dosing
3.5Castor oil induced diarrheal model
3.6 In vivo GI motility test
3.7 Enteropooling test
3.8 In vitro antispasmodic test
3.9 Statistical analysis

4 Results
4.1 Effect of extract on castor oil induced diarrheal model in mice
4.2 Effect of the extract on GI motility
4.3 Effect of the extract on intestinal fluid accumulation
4.4 In-vitro antispasmodic activities of the extract

5 Discussion

6 Conclusion and Recommendation

Reference

• Universidad: Addis Ababa University (SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES)
• Calificación: Very Good
• Autor: Tatek Yesigat (Autor)
• Año de publicación: 2010
• Páginas: 58
• No. de catálogo: V511887
• ISBN (Ebook): 9783346097507
• ISBN (Libro): 9783346097514
• Idioma: Inglés
• Etiqueta: traditional, abyssinica, stephania, avtivities, antispasmodic, antidiarrheal, diarrhea, against, help, medicine, ethopian, minispermaseae