Alterations in Haematological Indices of Clarias Garipinus Exposed To Sub Lethal Concentrations of Kola-Pod Mediated Silver-Gold Alloy Nanoparticles

Thèse de Bachelor , 2017 , 45 Pages , Note: 2.50

Biologie - Microbiologie, Biologie Moléculaire

Nanotechnology is an anticipated manufacturing technology that allows the long established trend toward smaller, faster, cheaper materials and devices. The high demand for nanoparticles implies more production of which the waste products are discharge into the environment. This might have toxic effects on biotic factor especially aquatic organism. This study thus evaluates the effects of silver salt, gold salt and silver-gold alloy nanoparticles were investigated on juvenile Clarias gariepinus. Sub lethal concentration (5ng/ml, 100ng/ml and 250ng/ml) were evaluated on haematological indices (the Hb, RBC, PCV, WBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC) of the fish for an exposure period of 42 days. Blood samples were collected on the 14th, 28th and 42nd day of the exposure. Exposure of Clarias gariepinus to each concentration, caused a dependent significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the values of Hb, RBC, PCV, MCH, MCHC. However, there was a gradual increase in the values of WBC and MCV as the concentration of the silver salts increased. These alterations were more pronounced in the fish exposed to 100ng/ml of gold salt, 250ng/ml silver salt and 5ng/ml of the alloy. Results from this study suggest that brief exposure of Clarias gariepinus to nanoparticles could cause some level of stress as manifested by changes in the haematological parameters of fish under consideration.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 NANOTECHNOLOGY
1.2 NANOPARTICLES
1.2.1 PHYSICAL METHODS OF SYNTHESIZING NANOPARTICLES
1.2.2 CHEMICAL METHOD
1.2.3 BIOLOGICAL METHOD
1.3 NANOPARTICLES TOXICITY ON FISH
1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 CHARACTERIZATION
2.2 HAEMATOLOGICAL INDICES OF THE AFRICAN CAT FISH, Clarias gariepinus

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF SILVER-GOLD ALLOY NANOPARTICLES
3.1.1 PREPARATION OF SILVER SALT SOLUTION
3.1.2 PREPARATION OF GOLD SALT SOLUTION
3.1.3 PREPARATION OF GOLD-SILVER ALLOY NANOPARTICLES
3.2 COLLECTION OF TEST ORGANISM
3.3 ACCLIMATIZATION OF FISH
3.4 BLOOD SAMPLE COLLECTION FROM FISH
3.4.1 PACKED CELL VOLUME (PCV)
3.4.2 HEAMOGLOBIN (HB)
3.4.3 RED BLOOD CELL (RBC)
3.4.4 WHITE BLOOD CELL
3.4.5 MEAN CELL VOLUME (MCV)
3.4.6 MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEAMOGLOBIN (MCH)
3.5 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
5.1 DISCUSSION
5.2 CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

APPENDIX
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX II
APPENDIX III

• Université: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology
• Note: 2.50
• Auteur: Adeyemi Phillips (Auteur)
• Année de publication: 2017
• Pages: 45
• N° de catalogue: V475214
• ISBN (ebook): 9783668939677
• ISBN (Livre): 9783668939684
• Langue: anglais
• mots-clé: alterations, haematological, indices, clarias, garipinus, exposed, lethal, concentrations, kola-pod, mediated, silver-gold, alloy, nanoparticles