Ferdinand de Saussure is generally perceived the “father of modern linguistics”. Since he set the investigation on nature of sign. Sign is a combination of signifier (sound pattern) or signified (concept) for example a rose, when I say a rose so rose is a sound pattern “signifier’ and the concept of rose in our mind is “signified’ ’and the nature of sign in language is arbitrary.
Arbitrariness of sign means there is no logical or intrinsic relationship between signifier (sound pattern).
Or signified (concept). For example in English-speaking society has agreed upon the word “dog” to refer to the four-legged animal with distinct features but in Urdu-speech community society the word “dog” used for a person shows his nature who has done something wrong or committed a crime.
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