Fundmental Processes. DNA to RNA to Protein

Forschungsarbeit , 2014 , 48 Seiten

Biologie - Genetik / Gentechnologie

The biological living systems contain large number of fundamental processes that control the system. The components present in the system are interlinked and forms network of interactions. The molecules in the systems perform functional relationships that process the mechanisms based on the structural and functional aspects.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• Chapter 1 Biological process
• Chapter 2 DNA replication
• Chapter 3 Transcription
• Chapter 4 RNA processing/Splicing
• Chapter 5 Translation

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte

This text provides a comprehensive overview of fundamental biological processes, focusing on the molecular mechanisms that govern life at the cellular level. It delves into the intricate workings of DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, and translation, exploring the key players and steps involved in these essential processes.

• Genome organization and its relationship to chromosome number and species
• The structure and function of DNA and its packaging into chromosomes
• The mechanisms of DNA replication, transcription, and translation
• The role of enzymes and other proteins in these processes
• The regulation and control of gene expression

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel

Chapter 1 introduces the concept of biological processes and their importance in living systems. It explores the relationship between genome size, chromosome number, and species, highlighting the c-value paradox. The chapter also delves into the organization of DNA within eukaryotic chromosomes, focusing on the role of histones and the formation of nucleosomes. It discusses the different levels of compaction in eukaryotic chromosomes, from the 10nm fiber to the 30nm fiber and the final organization into chromosomes.

Chapter 2 focuses on DNA replication, the process by which DNA is copied to create two identical DNA molecules. It explores the different stages of replication, including initiation, elongation, and termination. The chapter also discusses the role of various enzymes involved in replication, such as DNA polymerase, helicase, and ligase. It highlights the importance of accurate replication in maintaining genetic integrity.

Chapter 3 delves into transcription, the process by which DNA is transcribed into RNA. It explores the different stages of transcription, including initiation, elongation, and termination. The chapter also discusses the role of various enzymes involved in transcription, such as RNA polymerase, transcription factors, and capping enzymes. It highlights the importance of accurate transcription in producing functional RNA molecules.

Chapter 4 focuses on RNA processing and splicing, the processes that modify and mature RNA transcripts. It explores the different types of RNA processing, including capping, polyadenylation, and splicing. The chapter also discusses the role of various enzymes and proteins involved in RNA processing, such as splicing factors and polyadenylation enzymes. It highlights the importance of accurate RNA processing in producing functional RNA molecules.

Schlüsselwörter

The key terms and focus themes of this text include biological processes, genome organization, DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, splicing, translation, gene expression, and molecular mechanisms. The text explores the intricate workings of these processes, highlighting the key players and steps involved in maintaining life at the cellular level.

• Autor: Dr. Kaladhar DSVGK (Autor:in)
• Erscheinungsjahr: 2014
• Seiten: 48
• Katalognummer: V280193
• ISBN (eBook): 9783656746539
• Sprache: Englisch
• Schlagworte: fundmental, processes, protein