Availability and integrity model of Automatic Identification System (AIS) Information

Doktorarbeit / Dissertation , 2014 , 92 Seiten

Nautik

Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a data exchange system which was introduced to improve shipping safety and the possibility of exchanging data, at a country and international level, about ships heading to or from ports, as well as exchanging data relating to passengers and dangerous or environment-polluting cargo carried by ships. The main purpose of introducing AIS was to offer a wider spectrum of available, continuous and reliable navigational data. Apart from being useful for traffic control in a marine area, AIS data can be a very important source of information used in collision avoidance process. However, some reservations are voiced with regard to the unconditional reliance on the data transferred through this channel. The information integrity problem had been raised already at the stage of system implementation and some fragmentary outcomes were published in the past. However, it can be assumed that the results from the system introduction period may not represent reality. Thus, it seems reasonable to base the assessment on theoretical analysis, through the development of multi-criteria model describing the AIS information integrity. The research was performed on data recorded in the period between 04.04.2006 r. and 08.01.2012 r. (selected 55 weeks– 385 days) in the laboratory of Institute of Navigation and Hydrography. Only full 24-hour recordings of AIS signals were selected for the analysis. Fifty five measurement sessions were used to determine the limit probability for availability and integrity exponential of information system, expected value of system lifetime, expected value of system failure time, failure rate, renewal rate. Utilizing homogenous Markov Chains, prediction of the state of availability and integrity of selected AIS information components was carried out. The proposed research approach in many cases gave differentiated results. The research outcomes presented in the paper lead to the conclusion that AIS could deliver useful supplementary information in the process of collision avoidance.

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS
• INTRODUCTION
• 1. DEFINITION OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
  • 1.1. General remarks
  • 1.2. Objectives and thesis dissertation
• 2. SUMMARY OF THE AIS FUNCTIONING
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. Idea of AIS introduction
  • 2.3. Information transmitted by AIS used in the dissertation
  • 2.4. AIS network structure of the Gulf of Gdansk
  • 2.5. AIS malfunctions
• 3. REVIEW OF AVAILABILITY AND INTEGRITY METHODS AND TOOLS FOR AIS INFORMATION RESEARCH
  • 3.1. Methods and tools for research of AIS information integrity
    • 3.1.1. Application of statistic methods to research AIS service information
    • 3.1.2. Statistical analysis of AIS information in accordance with N.Bailey theory
    • 3.1.3. End-user satisfaction model
  • 3.2. Research methods and tools of AIS information availability
    • 3.2.1. Research method of AIS information availability by A.Hori
    • 3.2.2. Research method (LIC) of AIS availability and coverage area in accordance with Lapinski & Isenor
    • 3.2.3. Research method (HPC) of AIS availability and coverage area in accordance with Hammond & Peters
• 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY FOR ESTABLISHING THE PROBLEM THROUGH AVAILABLE TOOLS AND MODELS
  • 4.1. Preliminary presentation of research models
    • 4.1.1. General remarks
    • 4.1.2. Option 1 Method for research of AIS information integrity with the use of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
    • 4.1.3. Option 2 – Method for research of AIS information availability and integrity with the use of Markov Processes
      • 4.1.3.1. Definitions
      • 4.1.3.2. Stationary distribution
  • 4.2. Remedy research by available models and tools
    • 4.2.1. General remarks
    • 4.2.2. Developing data - "post-processing"
    • 4.2.3. Decoding AIS information
    • 4.2.4. Assumption for availability research of AIS information
    • 4.2.5. Availability structure of AIS information – determination of the object study
    • 4.2.6. Assumption for integrity research of AIS information
    • 4.2.7. Evaluation completeness criteria of AIS information
    • 4.2.8. Completeness structure of AIS information – determination of the object study
    • 4.2.9. Evaluation integrity criteria of AIS information
      • 4.2.9.1. Evaluation integrity criteria of AIS message No. 1
      • 4.2.9.2. Evaluation integrity criteria of AIS message No. 5
    • 4.2.10. Preliminary assumptions of integrity research for AIS information
• 5. RESEARCH SOLUTION
  • 5.1. Characteristics of input data
  • 5.2. Research outcomes of AIS binary data availability
  • 5.3. Research method of AIS information availability
  • 5.4. Research outcomes of information completeness concerning true heading
  • 5.5. Research method of AIS information completeness concerning true heading
  • 5.6. Research outcomes of information completeness concerning rate of turn
  • 5.7. Research method of AIS information completeness concerning rate of turn
• SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, DIRECTION OF FURTHER RESEARCH
• BIBLIOGRAPHY

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This doctoral dissertation aims to investigate the availability and integrity of Automatic Identification System (AIS) information. It focuses on the application of various methods and tools to analyze the reliability and completeness of AIS data, particularly in the context of maritime safety and navigation.

• Availability of AIS information
• Integrity of AIS information
• Methods and tools for research of AIS information
• Application of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Markov Processes
• Evaluation of AIS data completeness and integrity

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

The dissertation begins by defining the research problem and outlining the objectives of the study. It then provides a comprehensive overview of the AIS system, including its functioning, information transmission, and network structure in the Gulf of Gdansk. The study also examines common AIS malfunctions.

Chapter 3 delves into a review of existing methods and tools for researching the availability and integrity of AIS information. It explores various statistical methods, including those based on N. Bailey's theory, and introduces models for assessing end-user satisfaction. The chapter also presents different approaches to evaluating AIS information availability, such as those proposed by A. Hori, Lapinski & Isenor, and Hammond & Peters.

Chapter 4 outlines the research methodology employed in the study. It introduces two primary models for investigating AIS information integrity and availability: Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Markov Processes. The chapter also discusses the process of data preparation, decoding AIS information, and establishing assumptions for both availability and integrity research. It further explores the evaluation criteria for AIS information completeness and integrity, focusing on specific AIS messages.

Chapter 5 presents the research findings. It analyzes the availability of AIS binary data, examines the completeness of information concerning true heading and rate of turn, and discusses the methods used to evaluate these aspects. The chapter concludes with a summary of the research outcomes and directions for future research.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

The keywords and focus themes of the text include Automatic Identification System (AIS), availability, integrity, information completeness, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Markov Processes, maritime safety, navigation, Gulf of Gdansk, and AIS malfunctions. The study investigates the reliability and completeness of AIS data, exploring various methods and tools to assess its performance in the context of maritime safety and navigation.

• Veranstaltung: -
• Autor: Krzysztof Jaskólski (Autor:in)
• Erscheinungsjahr: 2014
• Seiten: 92
• Katalognummer: V278255
• ISBN (eBook): 9783656707899
• ISBN (Buch): 9783656710592
• Sprache: Englisch
• Schlagworte: Automatic Identification System, Availability, Integrity, Markov Chains, Stochastic Processes, AIS, collision avoidance, Navigation