This academic paper analyzes the theoretical and methodological problems with Janis´ groupthink theory.
Groupthink is “a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group when the members’ strivings for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action” and “a deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgement that results from in-group pressure (Janis, 1982, p. 9). Therefore it is seen as a process which turns competent and prolific groups into incompetent and unproductive ones on the basis of defective decision making.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Methodological and theoretical problems with Janis' groupthink theory
- Groupthink
- Antecedents, Symptoms and Consequences of Groupthink
- Theoretical Modifications
- Group Cohesiveness
- Case Research
- Laboratory Research
- Conclusion
- Bibliography
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Janis' groupthink theory, examining its theoretical foundations, methodological challenges, and subsequent modifications. The paper will explore the concept of groupthink, its antecedents, symptoms, and consequences, as well as the theoretical revisions proposed by Turner et al. (1992). It will also delve into the methodological problems associated with groupthink research, particularly the limitations of case studies and laboratory experiments.
- Groupthink theory and its origins
- Antecedents, symptoms, and consequences of groupthink
- Theoretical modifications and interpretations of groupthink
- Methodological challenges in groupthink research
- The role of group cohesiveness in groupthink
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
The paper begins by introducing Janis' original concept of groupthink, defining it as a mode of thinking that occurs in cohesive groups where the desire for unanimity overrides critical thinking and leads to poor decision-making. The author then discusses the antecedents, symptoms, and consequences of groupthink, highlighting the role of group cohesion, structural faults, and provocative contexts. The paper also examines the theoretical modifications proposed by Turner et al. (1992), who suggest that groupthink can be interpreted in different ways, including a strict interpretation, an additive interpretation, and a liberal or particularistic interpretation.
The paper then delves into the methodological challenges associated with groupthink research, focusing on the limitations of both case studies and laboratory experiments. Case studies, while useful for developing and applying the theory, are often biased in their selection of cases and can be subject to conflicting interpretations. Laboratory studies, on the other hand, often involve theoretical reformulations that can be both advantageous and disadvantageous. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to address the methodological and theoretical problems associated with groupthink theory.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
The keywords and focus themes of the text include groupthink, Janis' theory, group cohesion, antecedents, symptoms, consequences, theoretical modifications, methodological challenges, case studies, laboratory research, decision-making, and group dynamics. The paper explores the concept of groupthink, its origins, its theoretical foundations, its methodological problems, and its implications for understanding group behavior and decision-making processes.
- Citar trabajo
- Marcos Alonso Rodriguez (Autor), 2005, Methodological and theoretical problems with Janis' groupthink theory, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/277558
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