Acting as a merchant in the context of a private or capital company is related to duties summarized in the Principles of Orderly Accounting. These principles comprise aspects of accounting like accuracy, transparency, completeness, traceability, timeliness, documentation and retention. Even if these principles should be understood as undefined legal concepts they can be used to interpret existing law or even become more binding if there are no clear legal regulations. The consequences of violations of bookkeeping duties are mainly regulated in the Strafgesetzbuch (StGB) and AO (Abgabenordnung). Gross negligent acting and violations can result in coercive measures, harsh fines or even imprisonment of up to two years. It is strongly recommended for a merchant running a business at a certain size to professionally care about his or her duties regarding the Principles of Orderly Accounting.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Table of Contents
List of Abbreviations
1 Introduction/Problem Definition
2 Objectives
3 Methods
4 Main Part
4.1 Accounting Obligations
4.1.1 Accounting Obligations under Commercial Law
4.1.2 Accounting Obligations under Fiscal Law
4.2 Principles for Orderly Accounting (POA)
4.2.1 The Principle of Accuracy, Freedom from Arbitrariness and Steadiness
4.2.2 The Principle of Clarity and Transparency (Including the Principle of Individual Evaluation)
4.2.3 The Principle of Completeness
4.2.4 The Principles of Timeliness, Documentation of Changes and Language
4.2.5 The Principle of Verifiability (Belegbarkeit und Prüfbarkeit)
4.2.6 The Principle of Economic Proportionality
4.3 Obligations of Data Retention
4.4 Relationship between the Principles of Orderly Accounting and the Bilanzrechtsmodernisierungsgesetz (BilMoG)
4.5 Consequences of Violations of bookkeeping duties
5 Conclusion
6 ITM Checklist
7 Bibliography
- Citar trabajo
- Holger Bodenmüller (Autor), 2012, Legal Risks of Inappropriate Accounting, Múnich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/273203
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