CAD/CAM is the advanced technology used in manufacturing process by the assistance of computers and softwares. In traditional manufacturing drawing is done by drafting in which modification and prototyping took more time and cost, but the latest CAD software’s eliminated this by software interface like ProE. Not only designing but also manufacturing was hectic involving lot of machine for single operations but latest advanced CNC machines integrated with computer known as CAM avoids these troubles.
Contents
CAD/CAM systems in production of tooling and dies:
Integrated CAD/CAM Systems:
Die Development:
Parallel processing in tooling:
Computer Aided Process Planning:
Integrating CAPP and CAD/CAM:
Feature technology in CAD/CAPP/CAM:
Rapid prototyping technologies:
Stereolithography (sla):
Fused deposition modeling:
Works Cited.
CAD/CAM systems in production of tooling and dies:
CAD/CAM is the advanced technology used in manufacturing process by the assistance of computers and software’s. In traditional manufacturing drawing is done by drafting in which modification and prototyping took more time and cost, but the latest CAD software’s eliminated this by software interface like ProE. Not only designing but also manufacturing was hectic involving lot of machine for single operations but latest advanced CNC machines integrated with computer known as CAM avoids these troubles (Jassi, n.d.).
Integrated CAD/CAM Systems:
The latest advancement in the CAD/CAM systems is the integrated CAD/CAM systems. This integrated system has been classified into two types as CAD-centric and CAM-centric according to where it is used. In CAD-centric the CAD system interface is the mainly used one but it also has the CAM features to support. For ex, solid works which is CAD software have this CAM integration in its interface provided by Delcam. Likewise the CAM-centric is the one mainly interfaced for NC programming but it has integration with CAD to make it easier to modify the 3D model within them. For ex, Cimatron provides built in CAD interface to make geometrical corrections. Thus these integrations provide lots of advantages but full features of both CAD and CAM hasn’t been brought together (Yares, 2012)
But Min Hou in his article about the integration mentions that because of this integration a better communication has been formed between both the systems which made production easier. He says that without the integration the part produced in CAD should be recreated in the CAM for generating the tool path and programs which is eliminated by the integration. It reduced the design cost also opened platform for new researches. The integration helps to import 3D model created by the CAD into the CAM as wireframe or even surface so that tool paths can be generated for them to manufacture by CNC (Hou, 2012)
Die Development:
Development of progressive dies was been always a trouble with conventional machining because of the error and its expensive also lots of time is wasted in the redesigning. This kind of problems in design and manufacturing is solved by the advancement in the CAD CAM system made by Gerber systems technology (publication, 1984). Gaston Pelletier an engineer at CSSC says that before few years if there is a need to create very less tolerance parts in manufacturing then it became a bottle neck process at the CAD area. It has been taken days or even weeks to deliver the design to the manufacturing. But by the AutoGraph system by the Gerber systems eliminated these problems. The die layout is easily created by this and the assembly can be easily exploded. And the features like clearance, scrap, dowel holes can be easily positioned. The cross sectional view of entire tool assembly can be easily displayed. Similar components can be easily recreated and modifies by just changing the parameters and the system automatically regenerates new model for it (Anon., 1984)
Parallel processing in tooling:
The emerged advancement in cutting edge tool in order to improve its efficiency is parallel processing. It is nothing but speeding up the processing of NC programs by making several processes running in the background. In previous days it was done with the help of multiple processors but now it is been carried out by the software, we can simultaneously work on the new drawing while the system generates tool path for the old one (Anon., 2009).
Computer Aided Process Planning:
It is planning of a process with the aid of the computer. Process planning in manufacturing is nothing but the formation of the route sheets and organizing the sequence of operations and allotting the work centers for particular operation to produce products. The firms needed this operation to be done by automated way because the manual process planning consist of disadvantages like
- Depends on person’s experience
- Time consuming
- Changes can’t be made easier
It is good to integrate the CAPP with the CAD and CAM system for good benefits. There are two types of CAPP approach which are Retrieval CAPP and Generative CAPP. In retrieval the plan is stored for a part and for a new similar part the plan is derived from modifying the older one but alternatively in generative one the plan is generated from the beginning (Pandey, n.d.)
Integrating CAPP and CAD/CAM:
Between the designing and manufacturing the bridge is the process planning. It is the process of selecting tools to be used, the best manufacturing method and its sequence. The CAPP does this work automatically and more efficiently. The two types of information required communicating between the CAPP and CAD CAM is the geometrical data (the part’s design) and the technological data (method for manufacturing the part), (Jung Hyun Han, 2001). Feature technology is the latest advancement to provide this integration because it interprets the features to develop the manufacturing sequence. After a lot of research in this area, Khoshnevis develops Intelligent incremental process planning which has a knowledge based approach for identifying the feature and for the selection of process space search algorithm is being used (H. B. Marri, 1998).
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- Cristiano Mendez (Autor:in), 2013, Advanced CAD/CAM Systems, München, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/270846
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