Carbon dioxide emissions of the container transport from Far East into the European hinterland through Jade-Weser-Port compared to other European deepwater ports

Masterarbeit , 2011 , 129 Seiten , Note: A

BWL - Beschaffung, Produktion, Logistik

This dissertation investigates carbon dioxide emissions of maritime container transport from Asia into the European hinterland through the emerging German Jade-Weser-Port (JWP) compared to the deepwater ports of Rotterdam, Antwerp, Zeebrugge and Trieste. Furthermore the deepwater ports are compared on the basis of competitive factors such as hinterland connectivity. The thesis also addresses CO2 reduction measures for the maritime door-to-door container transport.

Maritime container transport accounts for approximately 90 percent of global trade volumes. Largest container vessels represent challenges for container ports, such as the required draft of 15.5 meters. In order to be competitive, many ports try to integrate in global supply chains. Furthermore, environmental issues play a growing role in the maritime business. Thus, the dissertation concentrates on CO2 emissions from maritime supply chains.

Carbon emissions are calculated by applying activity-based approach for road emissions and energy-based method for ship emissions. The online carbon auditing tool “Ecotransit” is used for carbon auditing of rail and inland waterway emissions. For ports an average value of 17.5 kg CO2/TEU is assumed.

The main findings are that north-eastern part of Germany and northern region of Eastern Europe can be reached under minimum CO2 emissions from Jade-Weser-Port. However, JWP provides the worst hinterland connection compared to other deepwater ports. Antwerp and Trieste are inappropriate to serve ultra large container vessels because of insufficient access channel and unsuitable quay cranes, respectively. Ship emissions can be cut by more than 53% by reducing the speed from 19 to 24 knots.

In order to reduce ocean emissions it is recommended to reduce cruising speed and to operate larger ships. Port emissions can be reduced by providing on-shore electricity for ships. Furthermore it is essential to modernise JWP’s rail connection since the rail-track is not electrified over a distance of around 53 kilometres and has two single track sections of 5 and 7 kilometres. The main conclusion is that JWP should implement carbon auditing from the start of its operations.[...]

Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)

• ABSTRACT
• ACKNOWLEDGEMNENT
• LIST OF FIGURES
• LIST OF TABLES
• LIST OF DIAGRAMS
• LIST OF FORMULAS
• ABBREVIATIONS
• 1. CHAPTER – INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 Problem statement
• 1.2 Introduction of the considered deepwater ports
• 1.3 Objectives and Research questions
• 1.4 Dissertation Structure
• 2. CHAPTER- LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Research Background
• 2.3 Green logistics related terms
• 2.3.1 Environmental impacts of logistics
• 2.3.2 Global warming potential and conversion factors
• 2.4 Maritime related Terms
• 2.4.1 Maritime Supply Chain
• 2.4.2 Hinterland
• 2.4.3 Port competitiveness
• 2.4.4 Intermodal transport
• 2.5 Carbon auditing / Carbon footprinting
• 2.5.1 Carbon auditing of ocean going vessels
• 2.5.2 Carbon auditing of port related emissions
• 2.5.3 Carbon auditing of road freight transport
• 2.5.4 Carbon auditing of rail freight transport
• 2.5.5 Carbon auditing of inland waterway transport
• 2.6 Measures for CO2 reduction of maritime supply chain
• 2.7 Conclusion
• 3. CHAPTER – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Research philosophy
• 3.3 Research approach
• 3.4 Data collection
• 3.4.1 Secondary data
• 3.4.2 Primary data
• 3.5 Applied methods and tools for calculation of CO2 emissions
• 3.5.1 Ocean transport
• 3.5.2 Road transport
• 3.5.3 Rail intermodal transport
• 3.5.4 Inland waterway intermodal transport
• 3.5.5 Average hinterland emissions
• 3.5.6 Port related emissions
• 3.6 Investigation of port characteristics and hinterland connectivity
• 3.7 CO₂ reduction measures for JWP's Maritime Supply Chain
• 3.8 Research reliability
• 3.9 Research validity
• 3.10 Conclusion
• 4. CHAPTER – FINDINGS AND RESULTS
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Research Question 1
• 4.2.1 CO2 emissions from ocean transport
• 4.2.2 CO2 emissions from road transport
• 4.2.3 CO2 emissions from rail transport
• 4.2.4 CO2 emissions from barge transport
• 4.2.5 Average hinterland emissions
• 4.2.6 Total maritime supply chain emissions
• 4.3 Research Question 2
• 4.3.1 Jade-Weser-Port
• 4.3.2 Port of Rotterdam
• 4.3.3 Port of Antwerp
• 4.3.4 Port of Zeebrugge
• 4.3.5 Port of Trieste
• 4.4 Research Question 3

Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)

This dissertation investigates the carbon dioxide emissions associated with maritime container transport from Asia to the European hinterland. Specifically, it compares the emissions of the emerging Jade-Weser-Port (JWP) in Germany to those of other deepwater ports, including Rotterdam, Antwerp, Zeebrugge, and Trieste. The research also explores the competitive factors of these ports, including their hinterland connectivity, and examines potential CO2 reduction measures for the entire maritime door-to-door container transport chain.

• Comparison of CO2 emissions for different transport modes and ports
• Analysis of hinterland connectivity and its impact on emissions
• Evaluation of CO2 reduction measures for maritime supply chains
• Assessment of JWP's competitiveness and potential for CO2 emission reduction
• Contribution to the understanding of sustainable practices in maritime logistics

Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)

Chapter 1 introduces the problem statement, outlining the importance of analyzing carbon dioxide emissions in maritime container transport. It defines the scope of the research by focusing on JWP and its comparison with other deepwater ports. The chapter concludes by outlining the objectives and research questions that will be addressed in the following chapters.

Chapter 2 provides a comprehensive literature review, discussing relevant concepts and research findings in the fields of green logistics, maritime transport, and carbon auditing. It defines key terms, explains the environmental impacts of logistics, and explores different methods for calculating carbon emissions from various modes of transport within the maritime supply chain.

Chapter 3 delves into the research methodology, outlining the chosen research philosophy, approach, and data collection methods. It explains the specific methods and tools used for calculating CO2 emissions from ocean transport, road transport, rail transport, inland waterway transport, and ports. The chapter also discusses the investigation of port characteristics and hinterland connectivity, as well as CO2 reduction measures specifically for JWP's maritime supply chain.

Chapter 4 presents the findings and results of the research, analyzing the CO2 emissions from different transport modes and ports. It examines the performance of JWP in relation to other deepwater ports and discusses the challenges and opportunities for CO2 reduction within the maritime supply chain. This chapter provides a detailed analysis of each research question, presenting the quantitative results and qualitative insights gathered from the study.

Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)

The study focuses on the carbon dioxide emissions of maritime container transport, particularly through the Jade-Weser-Port (JWP) in Germany. Key concepts include sustainable logistics, deepwater port competitiveness, hinterland connectivity, CO2 reduction measures, carbon auditing, and intermodal transport.

• Hochschule: Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh
• Veranstaltung: BWL - Logistik, Verkehr, Transport und Supply Chain Management
• Note: A
• Autor: Konstantin Veidenheimer (Autor:in)
• Erscheinungsjahr: 2011
• Seiten: 129
• Katalognummer: V264982
• ISBN (eBook): 9783656545903
• ISBN (Buch): 9783656545965
• Sprache: Englisch
• Schlagworte: carbon, east, european, jade-weser-port, rotterdam, antwerp, zeebrugge, Trieste, green logistics, co2, emissions, container, carbon footprint, maritime, supply chain, deep water port, draught, carbon auditing, co2 reduction, TEU, ship emissions, port, rail, e-class, triple e, draft, deepwater, Wilhelmshaven, port characteristics, carbon calculation, co2 calculation, sea freight, environment, ocean freight, SOx Emission, Global warming potential, intermodal, hinterland, liner shipping, north range, Port competitiveness, emission factor, waterway, decarbonisation, cold ironing, Positivistic paradigm, Phenomenological paradigm