The all-around presence of wireless communication links combined with functions that support mobility will make a roaming person-bound communication network possible in the near future. This idea of a personal network, in which a user has his own communication
environment available everywhere. The overall aim of this research project was to simulate the transmission wireless and baseband RF signals via fibre for a long distance in high quality, consuming a low-power budget. Therefore, this thesis demonstrated a green radio communication network and the advantage of transmitting signals via fibre rather than via air. The contributions of this research work were described in the follows:Firstly, a comparison of the power consumption in WiMAX via air and fibre is presented. As shown in the simulation results, the power budget for the transmission of 64 QAM WiMAX IEEE 802.16-2005 via air for a distance of 5km lies at -189.67 dB, whereas for the transmission via RoF for a distance of 140km, the power consumption ranges at 65dB. Through the deployment of a triple symmetrical compensator technique, consisting of SMF, DCF and FBG, the transmission distance of the 54 Mbps WiMAX signal can be increased to 410km without increasing the power budget of 65dB. An amendment of the triple compensator technique to SMF, DCF and CFBG allows a 120Mbps WiMAX signal transmission with a clear RF spectrum of 3.5 GHz and constellation diagram over a fibre length of 792km using a power budget of 192dB. Secondly, the thesis demonstrates a simulation setup for the deployment of more than one wireless system, namely 64 QAM WiMAX IEEE 802.16-2005 and LTE, for a data bit rate of 1Gbps via Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) RoF over a transmission distance of 1800km. The RoF system includes two triple symmetrical compensator techniques - DCF, SMF, and CFBG - to obtain a large bandwidth, power budget of 393.6dB and a high signal quality for the long transmission distance. Finally, the thesis proposed a high data bit rate and energy efficient simulation architecture, applying a passive optical component for a transmission span up to 600km. AGigabit Optical Passive Network (GPON) based on RoF downlink 2.5 Gbps and uplink 1.25Gbps is employed to carry LTE and WiMAX, also 18 digital channels by utilising Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM). The setup achieved high data speed, a lowpower budget of 151.2dB,and an increased service length of up to 600km.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Introduction
- Wireless Access Network
- Research Motivation
- Green Radio Communication
- Fibre Optic Access Network
- Radio over Fibre (RoF)
- Challenges and Problems in RoF
- Research Objective and Contributions
- RoF base SMF, DCF, FBG and CFBG
- WDM-RoF
- GPON/CWDM-RoF
- Thesis Structure
- Literature Review - Fundamental Concept of Fibre Optic Technology
- Introduction
- Propagation of Light
- Refraction of Light Waves
- Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLS)
- Optical Fibre
- Multi Mode Fibre (MMF)
- Single Mode Fibre (SMF)
- Fibre Attenuation
- Low Water Peak
- Rayleigh Scattering
- Dispersion
- Intermodal or Modal Dispersion
- Intra-modal or Chromatic Dispersion
- Material Dispersion
- Wave-guide Dispersion
- Polarisation Mode Dispersion
- Dispersion Compensating Modules (DCM)
- Dispersion Compensating Fibre (DCF)
- Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG)
- Chirped Fibre Bragg Gratings (CFBG)
- Radio over Fibre in Communication Networks
- Direct Modulation
- External Modulator
- Applications in RoF Networks
- RF over Fibre (Remote RoF)
- Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
- Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
- Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM)
- Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM)
- Chapter Summary
- 64-QAM WiMAX Signals Distributed via RoF Applying Different Compensators
- Overview
- Introduction
- Methodology
- Setups and Simulations of Green Radio Solutions for the Deployment of WiMAX
- WiMAX-Tx via Air
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- WiMAX via RoF-SMF
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- WiMAX via RoF (SMF-DCF)
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- WiMAX via RoF (SMF-DCF-FBG)
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- Extended Mobile WiMAX Signal Transmission over RoF via Triple Symmetrical Dispersion System SMF, DCF and CFBG
- Related Work
- Theory and Analyses
- WiMAX via RoF (SMF-DCF-CFBG)
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- Chapter Summary
- LTE and WiMAX Signal Transmission via WDM-RoF for a Length of 1800km
- Overview
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Theory and Analyses
- System Description and Simulation
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- Chapter Summary
- Efficient Transmission of WiMAX, LTE and CWDM Channels via GPON-RoF
- Overview
- Introduction
- Related Work
- Passive Optical Network (PON) Technologies
- APON / BPON
- Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON)
- Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON)
- Simulation Design of GPON-CWDM via RoF and Discussion
- GPON-CWDM via RoF for fibre length of 210km
- SMF, DCF, and CFBG Extended GPON Network for Fibre length 600km
- Simulation Results and Discussion
- GPON/CWDM Based RoF for a SMF length of 210km
- RoF Based GPON - CWDM System for Transmission of LTE/WiMAX/ Baseband over 600km
- Chapter Summary
- Conclusion and Future Work
- Conclusion
- Performance of WiMAX Signals Distributed via RoF Applying Symmetrical Compensators
- Performance of LTE and WiMAX Signal transmission via WDM-RoF for a length of 1800km
- Performance of WiMAX, LTE and CWDM Channels via GPON-RoF
- Future Work
- WiMAX- Femtocell via RoF
- Sleep Mode in the RoF System
- **Chapter 1: Introduction:** This chapter introduces the research context, outlining the challenges of traditional wireless communication, including high energy consumption and limited range. It highlights the potential of RoF technology to address these limitations and presents the research objectives and thesis structure.
- **Chapter 2: Literature Review - Fundamental Concept of Fibre Optic Technology:** This chapter provides a thorough overview of the theoretical foundations of fibre optic communication, covering topics such as light propagation, fibre types, attenuation, dispersion, and various dispersion compensation techniques. It also discusses the principles of Radio over Fibre (RoF) and its advantages in wireless communication.
- **Chapter 3: 64-QAM WiMAX Signals Distributed via RoF Applying Different Compensators:** This chapter delves into the power efficiency of WiMAX using RoF. It compares the power consumption of transmitting a WiMAX signal via air versus fibre, and then investigates the use of different compensator modules (SMF, DCF, FBG, and CFBG) to extend the transmission distance and improve signal quality.
- **Chapter 4: LTE and WiMAX Signal Transmission via WDM-RoF for a Length of 1800km:** This chapter explores the simultaneous transmission of both LTE and WiMAX signals via WDM-RoF, combining both technologies for a significantly extended transmission range of 1800km. The chapter focuses on the application of the triple compensators technique (SMF, DCF, and CFBG) to manage chromatic dispersion and maximize signal quality.
- **Chapter 5: Efficient Transmission of WiMAX, LTE and CWDM Channels via GPON-RoF:** This chapter investigates the integration of GPON technology with RoF, using CWDM to transmit a combination of WiMAX, LTE, and baseband signals. The chapter focuses on the design and performance evaluation of this hybrid system, demonstrating its potential for high bandwidth, extended transmission distances, and reduced energy consumption.
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This thesis explores green radio communication networks utilizing Radio over Fibre (RoF) technology to achieve efficient wireless access and baseband signal delivery. The primary objective is to improve the transmission range and data rate while significantly reducing power consumption compared to traditional wireless systems. Key themes include: * **Power efficiency in wireless communication:** Investigating the energy consumption of WiMAX and LTE base stations and exploring ways to reduce it through RoF. * **Chromatic dispersion compensation in optical fibers:** Addressing the challenge of signal distortion caused by chromatic dispersion in long-distance fiber optic transmission using various compensator techniques (DCF, FBG, CFBG). * **Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM):** Exploring the benefits of WDM and CWDM in increasing the capacity of RoF networks and allowing the transmission of multiple signals simultaneously. * **Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) integration:** Examining the feasibility of integrating GPON with RoF to enhance bandwidth and reach. * **Performance evaluation through simulation:** Utilizing simulation software (OptiSystem) to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed RoF architectures.Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Green radio communication, Radio over Fibre (RoF), WiMAX, LTE, chromatic dispersion, dispersion compensation, fibre Bragg grating (FBG), chirped fibre Bragg grating (CFBG), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM), Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON), power efficiency, simulation.- Citation du texte
- Dr. Mazin Al Noor (Auteur), 2011, Green Radio Communication Networks Applying Radio-over-Fibre Technology for Wireless Access, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/196589
