According to the estimations the level of carbon emission in the sector of information and communication technologies triples by 2020 . This raised concern regarding the energy efficiency of the ICT devices and systems. Further we will discuss the guidelines and directives along which we can differentiate between technologies and their efficiency-level. These guidelines not only enable the customer of these services to attain a simple and easily manageable view on his consumption as technology user, but it also provides an evaluation system for local governmental and international regulators and projects. Then we examine the problem of energy efficiency in a specific field of the ICT, the server grids, as the demand for the services of this area is one of the fastest growing sections of the ICT sector. Than we rule out two possible ways of solving energy efficiency on the grids, and compare them. Finally in the conclusion we point out the main factors that make these solutions successful, and to which extent they match to our guidelines.
Table of Content
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Key actions and guidelines for the ICT sector
3. The challenge of the data center
4. Green Strategies of Grid: SymbioticSphere and Energy-Aware Reservation Infrastructure (EARI)
4.1 Architecture of the server grids:
4.2 Principles of behavior and the working methods
5. Conclusions
Literature:
Abstract
According to the estimations the level of carbon emission in the sector of information and communication technologies triples by 2020[1]. This raised concern regarding the energy efficiency of the ICT devices and systems. Further we will discuss the guidelines and directives along which we can differentiate between technologies and their efficiency-level. These guidelines not only enable the customer of these services to attain a simple and easily manageable view on his consumption as technology user, but it also provides an evaluation system for local governmental and international regulators and projects. Then we examine the problem of energy efficiency in a specific field of the ICT, the server grids, as the demand for the services of this area is one of the fastest growing sections of the ICT sector. Than we rule out two possible ways of solving energy efficiency on the grids, and compare them. Finally in the conclusion we point out the main factors that make these solutions successful, and to which extent they match to our guidelines.
Key word: energy efficiency, information and communication technologies, energy awareness, server farms, server grids, network technologies
1. Introduction
The recent results of the studies of climate change scientists are more than alarming. The estimation of their new models shows that the pace and impact of global warming on human society and ecological environment might be even more devastating than it had been expected before. These studies claim that unless the emission of greenhouse gases is reduced to 20% under the level of 1990 by 2020, dramatic changes of the climate and the environment are inevitable[2]. Growing public and governmental concern regarding this issue has raised awareness to the impact of information and communication technology and its possible utilization in other areas.
The challenge of energy efficiency is the one contemporary technology engineering and design has to face. Though the innovations of information and communication technology (ICT) has tremendously reduced the costs and energy consumption of everyday life and business, through its amazing pace of growing in penetration and range the sector itself is consuming more energy than ever.
According to the reports of SMART 2020 the ICT sector - devices and services from PC’s to telecom networks, and data centers- accounts for 8% of the electrical power used and around 2% of carbon emissions pf human race. Around the quarter of the carbon generated in this sector overall derives from the production of the devices, the rest comes from their usage. Though the growth of the penetration of these products and services in highly developed countries are not expected to be low, the growth in the following years will be inevitably tremendous in developing countries. By 2020, approximately a third of the future population will own a PC, respectively to the current rate of one in 50, 50% will have a mobile phone and 20% will have broadband Internet connection.
According to the estimation of these reports the level of carbon emission of this sector will triple by 2020[3]. These facts raised concern regarding the energy efficiency of the ICT devices and systems. Further we will discuss the guidelines and directives along which we can differentiate between technologies and their efficiency-level. These guidelines not only enable the customer of these services to attain a simple and easily manageable view on his consumption as technology user, but it also provides an evaluation system for local governmental and international regulators and projects. Then we examine the problem of energy efficiency in a specific field of the ICT, the server grids, as the demand for the services of this area is one of the fastest growing section of the ICT sector. Than we rule out two possible ways of solving energy efficiency on the grids, and compare them. Finally in the conclusion we point out the main factors that make these solutions successful, and to which extent they match to our guidelines.
2. Key actions and guidelines for the ICT sector
In the report of SMART 2020 an overview of five key actions regarding the energy efficiency of ICT sector and ICT influenced sectors has been drown, based on a throughout analysis of energy consumption patterns. The first step according to these guidelines is to standardize (S) the measure methods according which emission data and energy consumption can be transformed into information that makes technologies, products and services of a sector and across sectors comparable.
The second key factor is to monitor (M) energy consumption and emissions across the industry in real time, providing the data needed to optimize for energy efficiency. This factor allows that the formerly obtained standardized data is fully available and observable for all agents in the economy, not only in delayed aggregated stage but also in the moment of consumption. This allows the agents to reconsider and if needed reallocate their consumption and needs.
Accordingly, each step of usual business conduct (BUA - business as usual) should be possible to identify and be accountable (A) for its energy consumption and emission. This way, stages of higher emission can be located in the BUA of products and services.
Using the gained information we can rethink (R) how we can live, work, act in a low carbon economy, reducing our emission levels by optimizing efficiency and providing low carbon alternatives. Ultimately this set of technologies, designs, architectures and mind-sets will have the great impact to emerge a platform, where leading low carbon alternatives can be developed and implemented in the economy on large scale, transmitting (T) it to a greener society.
3. The challenge of the data center
According to the SMART2020 report one of the greatest challenges green IT has to face is the immense growth of server farms and server grids. These equipments store and make available vast amount of information at any given time the user requires it. To maintain this service these data centers needs storage devices, network plants, fans and cooling systems, power supplies, and an enormous amount of energy. The carbon footprint of these centers is expected to grow more than 7% a year, making it the most carbon-expansive component of the ICT sector.
[...]
[1] SMART 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age http://www.smart2020.org/_assets/files/03_Smart2020Report_lo_res.pdf
[2] Pachauri, R.K. and A. Reisinger (eds.) (2007) Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland.
[3] SMART 2020: Enabling the low carbon economy in the information age http://www.smart2020.org/_assets/files/03_Smart2020Report_lo_res.pdf
- Quote paper
- Christina Herzog (Author), 2010, Energy Efficiency of Server Grids, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/144464
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