Das gefärbte Laichkraut Potamogeton coloratus ist heute nur noch an einem Bruchteil der bis vor wenigen Jahrzehnten besiedelten Standorte zu finden. Die Art ist wegen ihrer hohen Ansprüche an den Standort - kalk-oligotrophe und winterwarme Gewässer - bereits von Natur aus immer schon selten gewesen. Die verbliebenen Stadorte gehören zu den empfindlichsten und daher am stärksten gefährdeten Ökosystemen unserer Kulturlandschaft. Aufgrund der anthropogenen Vernichtung ihres natürlichen Lebensraumes gilt die Art in Baden-Württemberg weit wenigen Jahren bereits als verschollen.
Pflanzen und Pflanzen-Gesellschaften mit eng gefassten und darstellbaren Erfordernissen an ihren Lebensraum wurden in den letzten Jahren intensiv auf ihre Anwendbarkeit als Bioindikatoren untersucht. In diesem Zusammenhang stehen auch die zahlreichen Untersuchungen mit dem Schwerpunkt Wasserchemismus an Standorten der Potamogeton coloratus-Gesellschaft im Elsass und in der Münchner Ebene. Standortkundliche Untersuchungen allein können jedoch nicht immer umfassend Vegetationsveränderungen erklären. So blieben aus populationsbiologischer, aber auch aus ökologischer Betrachtungsweise einige Fragen offen:
* Pflanzt sich die Art nur vegetativ fort oder können auch Keimlinge gefunden werden?
* Wird eine aktive Diasporenbank aufgebaut?
* Hat die Art aus ausbreitungsbiologíschen Gründen manche - nach stadortkundlichen Maßstäben - geeignete Gewässer nicht erreichen können, und warum finden sich neben Bereichen flächendeckender Besiedlung unvermittelt unbesiedelte Flächen?
* Lassen sich Pflänzchen der Art aus vitalen Beständen in unbesiedelte Bereiche umpflanzen, können sie sich dort etablieren und ausbreiten?
* Kann eine neue Methode angewandt werden, die Aussagen über zeitintegrierende Nährstoffverhältnisse erlaubt, und ist deren Aufwand vertretbar, um sie standardisieren zu können?
Zu dem genannten Fragekomplex wurden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit folgende Untersuchungen durchgeführt:
* 1. Diasporenbankversuche
* 2. Keimraten und Keimbedingungen von P. coloratus-Früchten
* 3. Umsetzung von Laichkraut-Pflänzchen in unbesiedelte Bereiche
* 4. Pflanzensoziologische Aufnahmen
* 5. Hydrochemische Untersuchungen mit Ionenaustauschern und unmittelbare Analysen
* 6. Standortprägende hydrophysikalische Parameter
- Quote paper
- Andreas Lex (Author), 1988, Potamogeton coloratus. Gesellschaft in Fließgewässern. Populationsbiologische und ökologische Untersuchungen in der elsässischen Oberrheinebene, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/958780
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