This term paper relates to the legal development of the Technical Intern Training Program (gaikokujin ginō jisshū seido, hereinafter “TITP”) and its forerunner programs from roughly 1989 to 2009. In order to seek answers for the research question, the applicability of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) will be tested.
Alongside shrinking population and workforce numbers and an ageing society, Japan experiences major transformation processes. Having only about 1.8 percent of foreign residents yet, the number of participants in the TITP is steadily on the rise.
The second chapter “The Advocacy Coalition Framework” deals with the policy process theory called ACF, which was developed in the late 1980s.
Chapter three “Historical Evolution of the Technical Intern Program” reconstructs the position of major involved stakeholder and examines legal changes to the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (Shutsunyūkoku kanri oyobi nanmin nintei hō, hereinafter “Immigration Act”) in four separated periods from the description of distant TITP predecessors prior to 1989 to the last reform of the Immigration Act in 2009.
In chapter four “Applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework to the evolution of the Japanese
Technical Intern Training Program” both prior chapter issues are brought together for an indepth
analysis of the Japanese immigration subsystem using the ACF.
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 2. The Advocacy Coalition Framework
- 2.1 Policy Subsystem and External Factors
- 2.2 The Model of the Individual and Belief Systems
- 2.3 Advocacy Coalitions
- 2.4 Pathways to Belief and Policy Change
- 3. Historical Evolution of the Technical Intern Training Program
- 3.1 Antecedents of the Technical Intern Training Program
- 3.2 The revision of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in 1989
- 3.3 Introduction of the Industrial Training and Technical Internship Program in 1993
- 3.4 The Reform of Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in 2009
- 4. Applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework to the evolution of the Japanese Technical Intern Training Program
- 5. Conclusion
Objectives and Key Themes
This term paper aims to explore the legal development of Japan's Technical Intern Training Program (TITP) and its predecessor programs from approximately 1989 to 2009. It utilizes the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to analyze the factors contributing to the program's evolution. The paper focuses specifically on low-skilled work migration, excluding highly-skilled migration, undocumented immigration, and immigration through Economic Partnership Programs. It adopts a macro-level perspective, foregoing in-depth analysis of human rights violations or trainee treatment.
- The historical evolution of Japan's Technical Intern Training Program (TITP).
- The application of the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to analyze policy change in the Japanese immigration system.
- The role of advocacy coalitions and belief systems in shaping the TITP.
- The influence of external factors and policy subsystems on the development of the TITP.
- The interplay between legal changes and the evolution of the TITP.
Chapter Summaries
1. Introduction: This introductory chapter sets the stage for the research paper by outlining the context of Japan's demographic challenges, including a shrinking and aging workforce. It highlights the increasing number of participants in the TITP despite a relatively low percentage of foreign residents in Japan. The chapter introduces the research question focusing on the legal development of the TITP from 1989 to 2009, and explains the methodology of applying the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to answer this question. It also defines the scope of the paper, explicitly excluding highly-skilled migration, undocumented immigration, and economic partnership programs, and stating a macro-level focus avoiding detailed examination of human rights issues or trainee treatment. The chapter concludes by noting the existing body of academic research on the TITP, particularly highlighting contributions from German-speaking scholars.
2. The Advocacy Coalition Framework: This chapter introduces the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), a policy process theory developed by Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith. It explains the core components of the ACF, including the concept of policy subsystems, external factors influencing policy-making, and the crucial role of belief systems in shaping political action. The chapter delves into the details of the ACF's three-tiered hierarchical belief system: deep core beliefs, policy core beliefs, and secondary beliefs. It also discusses the 'devil shift', a concept borrowed from prospect theory, explaining how this dynamic influences interactions and cooperation within and between advocacy coalitions. The chapter further elucidates the concept of policy subsystems, distinguishing between mature and nascent subsystems and the influence of exogenous factors on policy change within those subsystems. This foundational chapter provides the theoretical framework for analyzing the TITP's evolution in subsequent chapters.
3. Historical Evolution of the Technical Intern Training Program: This chapter provides a chronological account of the TITP's development, tracing its origins and evolution through key legal changes. It examines the antecedents to the TITP prior to 1989, analyzing the significant revisions of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in 1989, the introduction of the Industrial Training and Technical Internship Program in 1993, and the subsequent reform of the Immigration Act in 2009. By examining these historical developments, this chapter establishes the context within which the advocacy coalitions acted and shaped the program's trajectory. It meticulously reconstructs the positions of key stakeholders and the impact of legal modifications on the program's design and implementation. This detailed historical analysis sets the stage for the application of the ACF in the following chapter.
Keywords
Technical Intern Training Program (TITP), Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), Japanese immigration policy, low-skilled migration, policy subsystems, belief systems, policy change, legal development, stakeholder analysis, historical evolution.
Frequently Asked Questions: Analysis of Japan's Technical Intern Training Program
What is the main topic of this text?
This text provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal development and evolution of Japan's Technical Intern Training Program (TITP) from approximately 1989 to 2009. It uses the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to examine the factors influencing the program's changes.
What is the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF)?
The ACF, a policy process theory by Sabatier and Jenkins-Smith, is the theoretical framework used in this analysis. It explains policy-making by focusing on policy subsystems, external factors, and the crucial role of belief systems in shaping political action. The framework considers the interplay of deep core beliefs, policy core beliefs, and secondary beliefs within advocacy coalitions.
What is the scope of this analysis?
The analysis focuses on low-skilled work migration and the legal aspects of the TITP's evolution. It specifically excludes highly-skilled migration, undocumented immigration, and immigration through Economic Partnership Programs. The analysis adopts a macro-level perspective, avoiding detailed discussions of human rights violations or trainee treatment.
What are the key themes explored in this text?
Key themes include the historical evolution of the TITP, the application of the ACF to Japanese immigration policy, the role of advocacy coalitions and belief systems in shaping the TITP, the influence of external factors and policy subsystems, and the interplay between legal changes and the program's evolution.
What historical periods and events are covered in the analysis of the TITP?
The analysis covers the period from approximately 1989 to 2009, focusing on key legal changes: the revisions of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in 1989, the introduction of the Industrial Training and Technical Internship Program in 1993, and the 2009 reform of the Immigration Act.
What are the chapter summaries provided in the text?
The text provides summaries for each chapter. Chapter 1 introduces the research question and methodology. Chapter 2 details the ACF. Chapter 3 chronologically traces the TITP's historical development. Chapter 4 applies the ACF to analyze the TITP's evolution. Chapter 5 concludes the analysis.
What are the key words associated with this analysis?
Key words include: Technical Intern Training Program (TITP), Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF), Japanese immigration policy, low-skilled migration, policy subsystems, belief systems, policy change, legal development, stakeholder analysis, and historical evolution.
What is the overall objective of this text?
The main objective is to explore the legal development of Japan's TITP and its predecessor programs, using the ACF to analyze the factors that contributed to its evolution.
What type of research methodology is employed?
The research employs a qualitative approach using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to analyze the policy development and changes of the TITP over time. It utilizes a macro-level perspective focusing on the legal and political aspects of the program.
- Quote paper
- Anonym (Author), 2018, The Legal Development of the Technical Intern Training Program. How was the present form of Japan's TITP created?, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/919397
