The origin of consciousness has come into main focus recently and is a widely discussed and controversial topic. This paper gives an overview of some of the most important theories of the origin of consciousness, including evolutionary and functional theories of consciousness emergence, theories of consciousness to be an optional extra and the idea of consciousness emergence by being not separable from higher-order functions. However, it will be shown that every theory faces its own, severe problems, which do not seem to be solvable in the near future. Furthermore, is the possibility and accessibility of non-human consciousness examined, with an emphasis on animal consciousness accessibility. It is shown that this question is also difficult to answer due to several limitations and further research is suggested.
INDEX
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
1. EMERGENCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS
1.1 Evolutionary theories of consciousnes
1.1.1 Introduction of Darwinian evolution
1.1.2 the possibility of Darwinian evolution of consciousness by examining the question of the function of consciousness
1.2 zombies: consciousness as an optional extra
1.3 Not separable functions
2. WHO AND WHAT IS CONSCIOUS?
2.1 Human consciousness
2.2 Animal consciousness
2.2.1 Importance of the question of animal consciousness
2.2.2 Self-awareness
2.2.3 Theory of mind
2.2.4 Language and suffering
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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