This work is a detailed modeling and simulation of the PV cell and module. It is implemented under MATLAB/Simulink environment; the most used software by researchers and engineers. This model is first drafted in accordance with the fundamentals of semiconductors and the PV cell technology. In other words, the PV module parameters have been selected according to their variation with illumination and temperature. It means that for any type of PV module, one can use this model and determine all the necessary parameters under any new conditions of irradiance and temperature and then obtain the I(V) and P(V) characteristics. This model can be considered as a tool which can be used to study all types of PV modules available in markets, and especially their behavior under different weather data of standard test conditions (STC).
The PV module is the interface which converts light into electricity. Modeling this device, necessarily requires taking weather data (irradiance and temperature) as input variables. The output can be current, voltage, power or other. However, trace the characteristics I(V) or P(V) needs of these three variables. Any change in the entries immediately implies changes in outputs. That is why, it is important to use an accurate model for the PV module.
The well-known five-parameter model is selected for the present study, and solves using a novel combination technique which integrates an algebraic simultaneous calculation of the parameters at standard test conditions (STC) with an analytical determination of the parameters under real operating conditions. A monocrystalline solar module will be simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software at different ambient temperature and the output power of cell was recorded. Solar Radiation and its effect on power of module is also simulated. Simulation shows that the output power of solar cell get decreased with decrease in sun’s radiation and raising temperature also decreases the output. In addition, the simulation performance of the model will be compared with other models, and further validated by outdoor tests, which indicate that the proposed model fits well the entire set of experimental field test I–V curves of the PV module, especially at the characteristic points.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Motivation
1.2 Electrical energy
1.3 Electrical energy consumption statistics
1.4 Energy generation
1.4.1 Solar energy
1.5 Contributions of the thesis
2. Literature review
2.1 Invention of solar cell
2.2 Semiconductors
2.3 P-N Junction Diode
2.4 Modeling of the solar cell
2.4.1 Modeling photovoltaic systems
2.5 SIMULINK based modeling of circuits and systems
2.6 PV power output dependence on module operating temperature
3. Theory of photovoltaic solar energy
3.1 Solar energy conversion
3.1.1 Solar radiation
3.1.2 Photovoltaic (PV) cell operation
3.2 Modelling of PV devices
3.2.1 Ideal PV cell
3.2.2 Modelling of modules and arrays
3.3 Impact of environmental parameters on a PV Cell
3.4 Impact of other parameters on a PV cell
4. Experimental work and simulink implementation of solar module
4.1 Photovoltaic module and solar module analyzer
4.2 Solar power meter
4.3 PV Module temperature sensor
4.4 Experimental steps
4.5 Simulink
4.6 Block diagram of PV charging of a battery
4.7 Simulation of a solar cell in Simulink
4.8 Components of solar module Simulink
4.8.1 Solar Simulink
4.8.2 Irradiance
4.8.3 Current and voltage sensors
4.8.4 Solver configuration
4.8.9 Scope
4.9 MATLAB-SIMULINK model of PV solar module by Matlab
4.9.1 Block diagram of reference radiation and temperature
4.9.2 Subsystem of thermal voltage
4.9.3 Block diagram of module operating temperature
4.9.4 The PV module shunt resistance model (system 1)
4.9.5 The PV module photocurrent model (system 2)
4.9.6 The PV module open circuit model (system 3)
4.9.7 The PV module saturation current model (system 4)
4.9.8 The PV module photovoltaic current model (system5)
4.9.9 The PV module photovoltaic ideality factor model (system 6)
4.9.10 The final Simulink model
5. Result and discussions
5.1 Overview
5.2 Experimental results
5.3 Extraction of module five internal parameters
5.4 Validation of five-parameter model
5.5 Modeling of operating temperature in Matlab Simulink
5.5.1 Ambient temperature and wind speed effect on operating temperature of PV solar module
5.6 Comparison of maximum power validation with some previous studies
5.7 Summary
5.8 Effect of the weather condition on cell temperature
5.9 Effect of operation temperature and solar radiation on internal five parameter solar module.
6. Conclusions and future research areas
6.1 Conclusions
6.2 Future research areas
Research Objectives & Topics
The primary objective of this research is to design and implement a precise photovoltaic (PV) solar module model using MATLAB/Simulink. By integrating mathematical models with experimental weather data—specifically irradiance and temperature—the research seeks to simulate the I-V and P-V characteristics of a monocrystalline solar module to accurately predict power output under real-world conditions.
- Mathematical modeling of photovoltaic cells and modules
- MATLAB/Simulink simulation implementation
- Extraction of the five internal parameters of PV modules
- Validation of simulation results using experimental field data
- Analysis of environmental impacts (temperature and solar radiation) on PV performance
Excerpt from the Book
3.1 Solar energy conversion
Photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion is often described as the direct conversion of solar radiation into electricity, by means of the photovoltaic effect. Generally, the term photovoltaic effect refers to the generation of a potential difference at the junction of two different materials in response to visible or other radiation. Thus, the broad study area of solar conversion into electric energy is denoted as photovoltaics (Zeman, 2011).
Summary of Chapters
1. Introduction: Provides the background and motivation for using solar energy as a renewable source and outlines the thesis contributions.
2. Literature review: Explores the history of the solar cell, semiconductor properties, P-N junction diodes, and existing modeling methodologies for photovoltaic systems.
3. Theory of photovoltaic solar energy: Explains the fundamental physical processes of solar energy conversion, including solar radiation, PV cell operation, and mathematical models for PV devices and arrays.
4. Experimental work and simulink implementation of solar module: Details the experimental data collection using solar analyzers and sensors, and describes the step-by-step Simulink implementation of the PV model subsystems.
5. Result and discussions: Presents the experimental findings, validates the five-parameter model against actual data, and discusses the influence of environmental factors on PV module performance.
6. Conclusions and future research areas: Summarizes the key achievements of the modeling approach and suggests future enhancements, such as integrating data acquisition systems.
Keywords
Photovoltaic, Solar Module, MATLAB, Simulink, Modeling, Simulation, Solar Radiation, Temperature, I-V Characteristics, Renewable Energy, Five-Parameter Model, Power Output, Semiconductors, Monocrystalline, Performance Validation
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the core focus of this research?
The research focuses on the modeling and simulation of a monocrystalline photovoltaic solar module using the MATLAB/Simulink environment to predict its performance under various environmental conditions.
What are the central themes of the work?
The central themes include photovoltaic theory, mathematical modeling of PV cells, experimental data gathering using solar analyzers, and the validation of simulation models against real-world field data.
What is the primary objective of this thesis?
The goal is to develop an accurate Simulink-based model that can determine the output characteristics of a PV module (current, voltage, power) when provided with input variables like solar irradiance and module temperature.
Which scientific methodology is employed?
The author uses a "five-parameter model" integrated with an iterative numerical method in MATLAB to solve for parameters at standard test conditions (STC) and validates this model against experimental field test measurements.
What topics are covered in the main section?
The main sections cover the theoretical background of PV cells, the technical implementation of various subsystems in Simulink (e.g., thermal voltage, shunt resistance, saturation current), and the comparison of simulated results with experimental data.
How would you characterize this work using keywords?
Key terms include Photovoltaic, MATLAB/Simulink, Five-Parameter Model, Renewable Energy, and Performance Validation.
How does weather condition specifically affect the PV module according to the study?
The study demonstrates that increased solar radiation increases power output, while rising cell temperatures—often exacerbated by lower wind speeds—lead to a decrease in the module's voltage and overall efficiency.
What is the role of the five-parameter model in this simulation?
The five-parameter model is used to accurately represent the electrical characteristics of the PV module. It allows the simulation to adjust to real operating conditions by calculating parameters like shunt resistance and ideality factor dynamically based on input variables.
Why was MATLAB/Simulink chosen as the implementation tool?
Simulink was chosen for its advanced block libraries, user-friendly graphical interface, and its ability to handle dynamic system modeling and complex mathematical equations efficiently for circuit-based simulations.
- Quote paper
- Emad Mohammed (Author), 2018, The Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Solar Module Using Matlab Simulink, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/452298
