La République Démocratique du Congo est, depuis de longues années, qualifiée de scandale géologique en raison de son importante dotation en ressources naturelles. L’abondance des ressources naturelles a, depuis l’époque coloniale, modelé la structure économique du pays. En effet, depuis l’époque coloniale, l’exploitation de ressources naturelles (mines, forêt, pétrole, etc.) a été le premier mobile de l’activité économique, laquelle exploitation a été guidée par les grandes entreprises. Cette exploitation a été facilitée par une bourgeoisie compradore rompue aux intérêts des allochtones au détriment des autochtones. En plus, les ressources naturelles de la République Démocratique du Congo sont exploitées et exportées en état brut sans transformation aucune pour y introduire une quelconque valeur ajoutée : telle a été depuis longtemps la structure économique. La République Démocratique du Congo est devenue, depuis environ une décennie, une destination privilégiée des Investissements Directs Étrangers et cela à cause de son abondante dotation en ressources naturelles.
Cependant, force est de constater que les choses ne sont pas les mêmes quant au niveau de la vie de la population qui est tellement bas qu’elle est obligée de végéter : il s’observe que la situation humanitaire reste alarmante alors que les indicateurs macroéconomiques sont au vert. Ce contraste entre les performances économiques et la misère de la population crée un climat de méfiance des profanes vis-à-vis des économistes, ils s’expriment : "tolembi ba chiffres na bino ya croissance, biso tozali ko mona changement moko te." En ces termes, la population exprime son ras-le-bol envers les dirigeants qui se glorifient de la stabilisation du cadre macroéconomique alors qu’au sein de la population, la misère ne cesse de faire des victimes. La population congolaise exige plus que de simples chiffres, elle désire de l’emploi, elle désire une bonne éducation des enfants et l’amélioration des conditions sanitaires.
Ce phénomène de croissance appauvrissante suscite les questions suivantes: Quels sont les facteurs explicatifs du phénomène de la croissance appauvrissante en République Démocratique du Congo ? Quels sont les grands bénéficiaires d’une telle croissance ? Peut-on dire qu’elle est inclusive ? Quelles sont les mesures que l’État congolais peut mettre en œuvre pour rompre avec le cycle de croissance appauvrissante?
- Quote paper
- Akhenaton Izu (Author), 2016, Analyse de la qualité de la croissance en la République Démocratique du Congo face à la pauvreté. Approches de croissance pro-pauvres et de croissance inclusive, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/373905
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