Collective action problems describe a situation where aggregated individual rational behaviour creates decreased collective welfare. They can be described as “social dilemmas" according to Holzinger, 2003. Based on this definition, it is possible to identify a discrepancy in between what is regarded rational on an individual level and the collective common “good”. Therefore, in a collective action problem micro-level behaviour translates into undesirable macro-level effects, which manifest in decreased collective welfare.
Based on this first definition, this study focuses on two central aspects: 1. providing a possible explanation of how collective action problems derive from rational individual behaviour 2. providing possible solutions to collective problems. To put abstract theory into a reality oriented context, this study furthermore focuses in the discussion of the nature and problematics of collective action problems on Hardin's tragedy of the commons (ToC).
Table of Content
I. Introduction
II. Collective Action Problems
III. Game-theoretical Analysis: Collective Action Problems
IV. Game-theoretical Analysis: The Tragedy of the Commons
V. Conclusion: Solutions to a ToC
References
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