The beginnings of modern Islamic finance date back to the 1970s when some financial institutions in Egypt and the Middle East started to offer interest-free financial services in order to comply with the rules laid down in the Sharia. Services, however, were not yet totally Sharia-compliant. Besides a lack of the necessary infrastructure and trained staff, a commonly accepted definition of what constitutes Sharia-compliance was missing. Even today, opinions differ widely if certain presumably Sharia-compliant financial products really deserve the branding. Nevertheless, a wide array of Islamic financial products ranging from home financing to insurance are nowadays available. Though the industry is currently managing Sharia-compliant assets of USD 895 billion, Islamic finance certainly must still be considered as niche market. However, globalization in general and the flow of funds into Muslim oil producing countries in particular could further strengthen the position of Islamic financial products. In comparison, the concept of joining forces to finance ships dates back to the 16th century. Only few could afford to individually provide all the funds needed to finance an entire vessel. Although financing schemes in the shipping industry have become more sophisticated over the centuries, the basic strategy to put the financial risks on many shoulders has prevailed until today.
As this work will point out, sharing risks and rewards along with a strong emphasis on asset-backed financing are the key features of both, Islamic and shipping finance. Therefore, using Islamic financing techniques to fund vessels, at least at first glance, does not seem to be far-fetched. Indeed, a few presumably Sharia-compliant ship financing schemes have been implemented in the past. To my knowledge, however, no scientific research about the expedience of linking Islamic finance to funding ships has been provided yet. Thus, this work aims at analyzing the feasibility of connecting these two fields with each other.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Introduction
- Does the German Shipping Industry Need Islamic Finance?
- The Principles of Islamic Finance
- Sources and Interpretations of Sharia Law
- Islamic Commercial Law
- Basic Principles
- Islamic Contracts
- The Underlying Asset Rule
- Forbidden Assets
- The Prohibition of Riba, Gharar and Maysir
- Summarizing Islamic Commercial Law
- Islamic Financing Modes at a Glance
- Credit-based Modes
- Equity-based Modes
- Islamic Leasing
- Forward Transactions
- Ship Financing and the Industry around It
- An Overview of the Shipping Industry
- Distinctive Features of Ship Financing
- Shipping Company Structures
- Investment Environment
- Risk Environment
- Summarizing Distinctive Features of Ship Financing
- Current Ship Financing Modes
- Modes at a Glance
- The Prevalent System in Germany: KG-Funds
- Leasing: A new Trend in Ship Financing
- The Construction of Sharia-compliant Schemes for Ship Financing in Germany
- Some Common Ground between Ship Financing and the Sharia
- Existing Sharia-compliant Offers in Ship Financing
- Possible Sharia-compliant Ship Financing Schemes
- Making the German KG-System Sharia-compliant
- Countervailing Shipping Cycles with the Help of Islamic Leasing
- General Impediments for Sharia-compliant Ship Financing
- Conclusion
- References
- Figures and Tables
- Abbreviations
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte
Diese Masterarbeit untersucht die Möglichkeit, Schiff finanzierungen in Deutschland nach islamischen Prinzipien zu gestalten. Die Arbeit analysiert die Prinzipien der islamischen Finanzwirtschaft und vergleicht diese mit den Besonderheiten der Schiff finanzierung. Sie untersucht die Kompatibilität der beiden Bereiche und identifiziert mögliche Herausforderungen bei der Konstruktion von Sharia-konformen Schiff finanzierungsmodellen.
- Die Prinzipien der islamischen Finanzwirtschaft, insbesondere die Verbote von Riba, Gharar und Maysir
- Die Besonderheiten der Schiff finanzierung, wie z.B. die hohen Kapitalanforderungen, die Volatilität des Marktes und die Nutzung von Hypothekenkrediten
- Die Konstruktion von Sharia-konformen Schiff finanzierungsmodellen, basierend auf den islamischen Finanzierungsformen Murabaha, Musharaka, Ijara und Istisna
- Die Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung von Sharia-konformen Schiff finanzierungen, wie z.B. das Sharia-Compliance-Risiko und die Frage der Transport von haram-Produkten
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel
Kapitel 2 untersucht, ob die deutsche Schifffahrtsindustrie Bedarf an islamischen Finanzprodukten hat. Es werden Argumente dafür angeführt, warum Schiff finanzierer von den Möglichkeiten der islamischen Finanzwirtschaft profitieren könnten.
Kapitel 3 erläutert die Prinzipien und Voraussetzungen der Sharia-konformen Finanzierung. Es wird die Struktur der Sharia und ihre Relevanz im täglichen Leben, insbesondere in wirtschaftlichen Angelegenheiten, vorgestellt. Anschließend wird das islamische Handelsgesetzbuch im Detail analysiert und alle relevanten islamischen Finanzierungsformen werden erläutert.
Kapitel 4 gibt einen Überblick über die Schifffahrtsindustrie und beschreibt die Mechanismen der Schiff finanzierung mit besonderem Fokus auf die deutsche Schifffahrtsindustrie. Es werden die besonderen Merkmale der Schiff finanzierung definiert, die sie von anderen Finanzierungsformen unterscheiden.
Kapitel 5 analysiert die Vor- und Nachteile der islamischen Finanzwirtschaft im Kontext der Schiff finanzierung. Es werden Sharia-konforme Schiff finanzierungsmodelle entworfen, die auf den Ergebnissen der vorherigen Kapitel basieren.
Schlüsselwörter
Die Schlüsselwörter und Schwerpunktthemen des Textes umfassen die islamische Finanzwirtschaft, Schiff finanzierung, Sharia-Compliance, Murabaha, Musharaka, Ijara, Istisna, Riba, Gharar, Maysir, KG-System, Leasing, haram-Produkte, und die deutsche Schifffahrtsindustrie.
- Quote paper
- M.A. Gregor Sahler (Author), 2011, Ship Financing in Germany: A possible Area of Application for Islamic Finance?, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/178589
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