Yugoslavia, founded on December 1, 1918, was composed of several republics that followed the Russian model of government. Josip Bronz Tito, president of Yugoslavia from 1943 to 1980, united several ethnic, religious, and cultural groups while keeping them together in republics. Under Tito’s governance, all people in Yugoslavia had full rights. As well as promoting a free society, Tito’s economy was flourishing. Even though they were under the Serbian Republic, Kosovo and Vojvodina received autonomous status. After Tito died in 1980, Yugoslavia began to degenerate. In 1991, Yugoslavia broke into six independent republics: Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Macedonia. Slobodan Milosevic was the president of Serbia from 1989 to 2000, even before Yugoslavia fell apart. Milosevic fought hard to control Kosovo by changing the constitution to keep Kosovo and Vojvodina under Serbian rule after his death. Unlike Tito, Milosevic ethnically cleansed the Albanian Kosovarains, rather than promoting the ethnic unity that was sought during the reign under Tito. One of the first actions taken by Milosevic when he gained power was to strip Kosovo of its autonomy, replacing Albanian officials with Serbian ones. Tensions increased between the two ethnic groups. Kosovo created its army, the Kosovo Liberation Army or KLA, to address issues that could not be secured through peaceful means. During the Kosovo War, which lasted from 1998 to 1999, Serbian forces drove out the vast majority of Kosovo’s ethnic Albanians, displacing hundreds of thousands of people into Albania and neighboring countries. After much bloodshed, loss, and displacement, the Kosovo War ended in 2008, with Kosovo gaining independence. [...]
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