The primary purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the implementation of blockchain technology in the food supply chain by showing its potential to build trust among the stakeholders and to make the food supply chain efficient and cost-effective. A comprehensive literature review covering books, articles, journals, news, and expert opinions has been conducted to address the research questions.
The findings in the thesis lead to the conclusion that blockchain is a promising technology that has the potential to transform the food supply chain. Blockchain is capable of building consumer trust, providing information about the food we consume, and making the food traceability easier. Furthermore, it builds transparency among the stakeholders. Last but not least, it makes the food chain cost-effective by automating most of the transactions and eliminating paperwork and intermediaries. This paper ends with a discussion of some challenges in implementing blockchain due to its early phases of development.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgement
Table of Figures
Abbreviations
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Foundation of Blockchain Technology
2.1 History and Definition
2.2 Public versus Private Blockchain
2.3 Peer-to-peer (P2P) Network
2.4 Cryptography in Blockchain
2.4.1 Hashing in the blockchain
2.4.2 Public-Private key
2.4.3 Digital Signatures
2.5 Consensus Algorithm
2.5.1 Proof of Work (PoW)
2.5.2 Proof of Stake (PoS)
2.6 Smart Contracts
3 Food Supply chain
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Actors in a Food Supply Chain
3.3 Current Issues in Food Supply Chains
3.3.1 Food Safety
3.3.2 Food Waste
3.3.3 Growing Regulations
3.3.4 Increasing Supply Chain Costs
3.4 Food Scandals
3.5 Summary
4 Blockchain-based Food Supply Chain
4.1 Traceability in Food Supply Chain
4.1.1 Traceability in the Seafood Industry
4.1.2 Meat and Poultry Traceability
4.2 Transaction Automation with Smart Contracts
4.3 Advantages of Blockchain from the Actor’s Perspective
4.3.1 Producer’s (Farmer) Perspective
4.3.2 Food Processer’s Perspective
4.3.3 Food Trader’s Perspective
4.3.4 Consumer’s Perspective
4.4 Challenges in Implementation
4.4.1 High implementation Cost
4.4.2 Operational Challenges
4.4.3 Sustainability Challenges
4.5 The Case of Walmart
Conclusion
Bibliography
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