The focus of this master’s thesis was on design approaches that would lessen the need for artificial means of boosting passive cooling. Accordingly, this study made the recommendation that shopping mall design incorporate passive cooling strategies through appropriate building orientation, adequate planting and installation of green landscape elements, efficient use and proper positioning of shading devices, and careful selection of building materials that allow for adequate thermal insulation.
Shopping malls are now far more complex in terms of both space and interior operations, dispelling the notion that they exist solely for retail sales. The mall serves as a significant urban development hub and provides customers with shopping, entertainment, leisure, and recreation. Shopping malls have evolved to a closed building envelope as a result of this scale increase, necessitating the deployment of additional machinery to handle the mall’s interior heat. Numerous malls in Nigeria only employ mechanical cooling systems, which raises their operational costs in terms of purchase, installation, and maintenance. Therefore, the goal of this project was to create a shopping center that used passive cooling techniques in its architecture.
The objectives assessed the characteristic of shopping mall design, the cooling strategies used in shopping malls and the architectural design considerations for cooling. Thirteen case studies were selected using the random sampling techniques. Utilizing an observation checklist and the variable for each objective, data from the chosen case studies were collected. The statistical tool SPSS was used to evaluate the data that was gathered. To ascertain the percentages of various variables for the characteristics of shopping mall architecture and the cooling strategies utilized in the chosen samples, a descriptive survey method of analysis was used with an observation schedule.
Findings revealed the frequency of the variables used throughout the study, and it was concluded from the chosen case studies that shopping malls in Nigeria rely more on active cooling systems than passive cooling strategies, with mechanical cooling being used in 76.9% of the malls examined and mechanical and passive cooling being used in 23.1% of the malls. Additionally, the results showed that 7.7% of the areas featured lakes, pools, and fountains, respectively. However, 76.9% of the malls lacked evaporative cooling systems.
Table of Contents
- Chapter One: Introduction
- 1.1 Background to the Study
- 1.2 Statement of Problem
- 1.3 Aim of Study
- 1.4 Objectives of the Study
- 1.5 Research questions
- 1.6 Scope and Limitations
- 1.7 Justification of Study
- Chapter Two: Literature Review
- 2.1 Concept of Shopping
- 2.1.1 Development of marketplaces
- 2.1.2 Evolution of markets and shops
- 2.2 Historical Development of Shopping Centres
- 2.2.1 The emergence of shopping centres in the United States
- 2.2.2 The emergence of Shopping Centres in Europe
- 2.2.3 Evolution of shopping malls in China
- 2.2.4 Evolution of shopping Malls in Egypt
- 2.2.5 Evolution of Shopping Malls in Nigeria
- 2.3 Classification of Shopping Malls
- 2.3.1 United States of America shopping center Classification
- 2.3.2 Europe shopping center classification
- 2.4 Shopping malls tenant mix
- 2.5 Architectural design consideration for shopping mall
- 2.6 Circulation patterns in shopping malls
- 2.7 Cooling strategies in shopping malls
- 2.8 Passive design strategies
- 2.9 Architectural Design Considerations Used for Passive Cooling in Shopping Malls
- Chapter Three: Research Methodology
- Chapter Four: Discussion of Results
- Chapter Five: Conclusion and Recommendations
Objectives and Key Themes
The aim of this study is to design a shopping mall in Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria, that integrates passive cooling strategies to reduce reliance on energy-intensive mechanical cooling systems. This addresses the lack of suitable shopping malls in Kubwa and the high energy consumption associated with conventional mall designs in Nigeria.
- Characteristics of shopping mall design in Nigeria
- Assessment of current cooling strategies in Nigerian shopping malls
- Architectural design considerations for passive cooling
- Design of a shopping mall integrating passive cooling strategies
- Sustainability and energy efficiency in shopping mall design
Chapter Summaries
Chapter One: Introduction: This chapter introduces the study, highlighting the evolution of shopping malls from marketplaces to major urban hubs. It emphasizes the significant energy consumption of mechanical cooling systems in Nigerian malls and the need for integrating passive cooling strategies. The chapter outlines the study's aim, objectives, research questions, scope, limitations, and justification, focusing on the design of a shopping mall in Kubwa, Abuja, that utilizes passive cooling to address both the community's needs and environmental concerns.
Chapter Two: Literature Review: This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development of shopping centers and malls globally, tracing their evolution from ancient marketplaces to modern commercial complexes. It examines various classification systems for shopping malls in the US and Europe, analyzes tenant mix strategies, and explores architectural design considerations for shopping malls, including site design, building design, transportation, and circulation patterns. The review focuses on cooling strategies, contrasting mechanical systems with passive design approaches and detailing the architectural considerations for implementing passive cooling effectively, such as building orientation, shading devices, evaporative cooling, and the use of building materials with suitable thermal properties. The chapter lays a strong foundation for the research by providing a detailed understanding of existing knowledge and design practices.
Chapter Three: Research Methodology: This chapter details the research methodology employed in the study, outlining the descriptive research approach used to analyze data related to shopping mall design and cooling strategies. It describes both primary and secondary data sources, including visual surveys, observation checklists, and literature review. The chapter specifies the population and sample selection process (simple random sampling of 13 shopping malls), data collection instruments, and the descriptive analysis method used to interpret the gathered data. It explains the methods for data presentation, including charts, tables, and figures, to visually represent the findings.
Chapter Four: Discussion of Results: This chapter presents and discusses the findings of the research, analyzing the characteristics of shopping mall design in Nigeria and evaluating existing cooling strategies. It uses descriptive analysis and presents data through charts, tables, and plates. The analysis covers various aspects of mall design, such as the number of anchor stores, restaurants, department stores, parking capacity, entrances, cinema screens, and multipurpose halls. It also assesses different cooling strategies, including the use of mechanical and passive cooling systems, ventilation systems, water bodies, landscaping, and building materials. The chapter concludes with a detailed description of the proposed shopping mall design incorporating the study's findings and emphasizing passive cooling strategies.
Keywords
Shopping mall design, passive cooling, Nigeria, Abuja, energy efficiency, sustainability, building orientation, shading devices, evaporative cooling, building materials, thermal mass, tenant mix, ventilation, case study.
Frequently Asked Questions: A Comprehensive Language Preview of Shopping Mall Design in Nigeria
What is the main focus of this study?
This study focuses on designing a shopping mall in Kubwa, Abuja, Nigeria, that incorporates passive cooling strategies to reduce reliance on energy-intensive mechanical cooling systems. It addresses the need for sustainable and energy-efficient shopping mall design in Nigeria.
What are the key objectives of this research?
The key objectives include: analyzing characteristics of shopping mall design in Nigeria; assessing current cooling strategies; exploring architectural design considerations for passive cooling; designing a shopping mall integrating passive cooling; and investigating sustainability and energy efficiency in shopping mall design.
What topics are covered in the Literature Review chapter?
The Literature Review comprehensively examines the historical development of shopping centers globally, different classification systems for shopping malls, tenant mix strategies, architectural design considerations (including site design, building design, transportation, and circulation patterns), and various cooling strategies (comparing mechanical and passive approaches). It delves into the architectural details of implementing passive cooling, such as building orientation, shading devices, evaporative cooling, and suitable building materials.
What research methodology was used?
The study employed a descriptive research approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through visual surveys and observation checklists of 13 shopping malls (simple random sampling). Secondary data came from a literature review. Descriptive analysis was used to interpret the data, presented through charts, tables, and figures.
What are the key findings discussed in the results chapter?
The results chapter analyzes the characteristics of shopping mall design in Nigeria, evaluating existing cooling strategies. Data is presented on aspects like the number of anchor stores, restaurants, parking capacity, and more. It assesses mechanical and passive cooling systems, ventilation, landscaping, and building materials used. The chapter culminates in a detailed description of the proposed shopping mall design incorporating the study's findings and emphasizing passive cooling.
What are the key themes explored throughout the study?
Key themes include shopping mall design in Nigeria, passive cooling strategies, energy efficiency, sustainability, architectural design considerations for passive cooling (building orientation, shading devices, evaporative cooling, building materials), tenant mix, ventilation, and the overall application of a case study approach.
What is the structure of the document?
The document includes an introduction, a literature review, a methodology chapter, a results discussion, and a conclusion with recommendations. It also features a table of contents, objectives and key themes, and chapter summaries for easy navigation and understanding.
What are the keywords associated with this research?
Keywords include: Shopping mall design, passive cooling, Nigeria, Abuja, energy efficiency, sustainability, building orientation, shading devices, evaporative cooling, building materials, thermal mass, tenant mix, ventilation, and case study.
For whom is this document intended?
This document is intended for academic use, facilitating the analysis of themes related to sustainable shopping mall design in Nigeria.
Where can I find more information?
For a complete understanding, please refer to the full document containing detailed analysis and data.
- Quote paper
- Evelyn Akande (Author), 2022, Proposed Shopping Mall Design in Abuja Nigeria. Application of Cooling Strategies, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1306073
