The size and fecundity and the choice of pleometrotic partners in the ant Lasius niger. An analysis of the influence

Bachelor Thesis , 2021 , 41 Pages , Grade: 1,3

Biology - Behaviour

This paper deals with the hypothesis, that there is a mechanism in Lasius niger queens giving them the ability to assess the fecundity of another queen, probably through CHC’s. The thorax length likely does not contribute to this mechanism.

Cooperation between unrelated individuals provides benefits that could ensure the survival of species. This work investigates on pleometrotic choosing behavior in Lasius niger ant queens. Here, two or more unrelated and usually monogynous queens found a colony together right after their nuptial flight and cooperate up to the emergence of the first workers.

Then they fight until only one of them remains. Since the surviving queen is usually more fecund and heavier than her former nestmates, it is hypothesized that she will choose smaller queens with a lower fecundity to cooperate with. Therefore, queens in special arenas with two opposite arranged branches were given different choices.

Here, either both branches contained a queen of higher or lower fecundity or only one of them. Two different experiments were performed, where the queens were either grouped random or based on their fecundity. It was found that queens that were chosen over another queen later laid significantly less eggs than the rejected ones.

Additionally, queens that chose a lower fecund queen were significantly faster at choosing than queens that chose a higher fecund one. Queens that chose a queen over an empty nest site also did this faster than queens that chose an empty nest site over a queen. There was no significant difference in thorax length between chosen and rejected queens.

The differences in relative thorax length were only significant in one of two collection locations, where chosen queens were larger than rejected ones.

Contents

1 Abstract

2 Introduction
2.1 Cooperation Between Individuals
2.2 Altruism
2.3 Pleometrosis
2.4 Questions and Hypotheses

3 Material and Methods
3.1 Lasius niger
3.2 Collection and Storing
3.3 Decision Experiments
3.3.1 Random Grouping
3.3.2 Fecundity-based Grouping
3.4 Analysis

4 Results
4.1 The Influence of Fecundity
4.2 The Influence of Size
4.3 The Impact on Choosing Time and Chamber Visits

5 Discussion
5.1 Primary Study Goals
5.2 Fecundity as a Driving Factor in Pleometrotic Choice
5.3 Size does not Matter (mostly)
5.4 All in Good Time
5.5 Evolutionary Aspects
5.6 Error Analysis
5.7 Conclusion

6 Bibliography

• College: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution)
• Grade: 1,3
• Author: Falk Deegener (Author)
• Publication Year: 2021
• Pages: 41
• Catalog Number: V1131601
• ISBN (eBook): 9783346498861
• ISBN (Book): 9783346498878
• Language: English
• Tags: Ant, Evolution, Behavior, Verhalten, Ameisen, Pleometrosis