This term paper deals with the topic of hooligans in English football. The central research question to be answered in this thesis is whether hooliganism is exclusively an English phenomenon. For this purpose, this thesis gives an overview of the development of hooliganism.
This is quite topical as the hooligan scene is currently shifting from football stadiums to other locations. This shift is particularly pronounced in England, which is why I have chosen the following research question: Hooligans in English football - only an English phenomenon?
In order to answer the research question, I first clarify the question of what hooligans are, and explain the most important terms and concepts. Afterwards I go into the development of hooliganism. Afterwards the intention behind violent vandalism. After I list the two worst catastrophes in the era of hooliganism, I explain the measures taken by the government and their effects. Building on the results already obtained, I clarify the question of whether hooliganism is only an English phenomenon by comparing England and Germany.
Inhaltsverzeichnis (Table of Contents)
- Introduction
- Definition
- Origin of Hooliganism and further development
- Intentions
- Is Hooliganism only an English Phenomenon?
- The worst disaster in Hooliganism
- Measurements by the government
- Development of hooliganism in England
- Germany - the successor of English hooliganism?
- Conclusion
Zielsetzung und Themenschwerpunkte (Objectives and Key Themes)
This term paper aims to investigate whether hooliganism is a uniquely English phenomenon. It explores the historical development of hooliganism in England, examining its origins, motivations, and evolution, and then compares this with the situation in Germany. The paper also considers governmental responses to the problem.
- The origins and development of hooliganism in England.
- The motivations and intentions behind hooligan behavior.
- A comparison of hooliganism in England and Germany.
- The role of government intervention in addressing hooliganism.
- The shifting nature of hooliganism and its continued presence.
Zusammenfassung der Kapitel (Chapter Summaries)
Introduction: This introductory chapter sets the stage for the paper, outlining the central research question of whether hooliganism is exclusively an English phenomenon. It briefly previews the methodology, indicating an overview of hooliganism's development, a discussion of motivations, an examination of major incidents, a review of governmental responses, and finally, a comparative analysis with Germany.
Definition: This chapter defines the term "hooligan," tracing its etymology and clarifying its association with aggressive behavior at sporting events. It distinguishes hooligans from ultras, emphasizing that while ultras are passionate fans, hooligans are primarily motivated by violence and inter-group conflict. The chapter highlights the historical roots of hooliganism in England and its subsequent spread internationally, acknowledging the existence of both apolitical and right-wing extremist elements within hooligan groups.
Origin of Hooliganism and further development: This chapter traces the history of hooliganism in England, beginning with its early manifestations in the "village football" of the Middle Ages. It discusses the transition to a spectator sport and the rise of aggressive crowd behavior, marked by increasing violence and vandalism. The chapter highlights key incidents, such as the riots at Hampden Park and the vandalism of trains in Liverpool, and traces the escalating nature of hooliganism, its peak in the 1980s, and its ongoing presence despite attempts at suppression. The chapter connects the rise of hooliganism to factors such as media coverage and societal factors.
Intentions: This chapter explores the motivations behind hooliganism. It emphasizes the primary goal of violence and conflict, highlighting a lack of interest in the actual sporting event among many hooligans. The chapter presents different perspectives on hooligan motivations, such as the desire for recognition and belonging, especially among working-class youth, as illustrated by the example of Tony O'Neil. It also acknowledges the presence of right-wing extremist elements within some hooligan groups.
Schlüsselwörter (Keywords)
Hooliganism, English football, violence, crowd behavior, Germany, government intervention, ultras, right-wing extremism, social context, historical development.
Frequently Asked Questions: A Comprehensive Language Preview on Hooliganism
What is the main topic of this academic text?
This academic paper investigates hooliganism, focusing on whether it is a uniquely English phenomenon. It explores the historical development, motivations, and governmental responses to hooliganism in England, comparing it to the situation in Germany.
What are the key themes explored in the paper?
Key themes include the origins and development of hooliganism in England, the motivations behind hooligan behavior, a comparison of hooliganism in England and Germany, the role of government intervention, and the enduring nature of hooliganism.
What is the structure of the paper?
The paper is structured into chapters covering an introduction, definition of hooliganism, its origins and development, motivations, a comparison between English and German hooliganism, and a conclusion. It also includes a table of contents, objectives, chapter summaries, and keywords.
How does the paper define "hooliganism"?
The paper defines hooliganism as aggressive behavior associated with sporting events, differentiating it from "ultras," who are passionate but not primarily violent fans. It acknowledges both apolitical and right-wing extremist elements within hooligan groups.
What is the historical context of hooliganism in England presented in the paper?
The paper traces hooliganism's history in England from its early manifestations in medieval "village football" to its escalation in the modern era. Key incidents and the role of media coverage and societal factors are discussed. The paper highlights its peak in the 1980s and its continuing presence.
What are the motivations behind hooligan behavior according to the paper?
The paper suggests that violence and conflict are primary motivations, often unrelated to the sporting event itself. It explores the potential for hooliganism to offer a sense of belonging and recognition, particularly among working-class youth. The influence of right-wing extremism in some groups is also noted.
How does the paper compare hooliganism in England and Germany?
The paper aims to determine whether hooliganism is solely an English phenomenon by comparing its development and characteristics in England and Germany. This comparison forms a significant part of the analysis.
What is the role of government intervention discussed in the paper?
The paper examines governmental responses to hooliganism in England, exploring the measures taken to address and suppress violent behavior at sporting events. The effectiveness of these interventions is likely a subject of discussion.
What keywords are associated with this paper?
Keywords include Hooliganism, English football, violence, crowd behavior, Germany, government intervention, ultras, right-wing extremism, social context, and historical development.
What is the overall conclusion of the paper (as previewed)?
The preview suggests the paper will conclude with an assessment of whether hooliganism is truly a uniquely English phenomenon, based on the evidence presented throughout the analysis of its historical development, motivations, and societal context in both England and Germany.
- Quote paper
- Anonym (Author), 2021, Hooligans in English Football. Only an English phenomenon?, Munich, GRIN Verlag, https://www.grin.com/document/1011098
